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During the interwar period, FES campaigned to introduce a system of family allowance to alleviate poverty in the UK. The Society (chaired for a period by Eleanor Rathbone) and, of course, Sir William Beveridges's Social Insurance and Allied Services Report (1942) were integral to the passing of the Family Allowances Act (1945), which legislated child benefit for each child after the first in a family (source: The Women's Library)